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A Living Review of Machine Learning for Particle Physics

Modern machine learning techniques, including deep learning, is rapidly being applied, adapted, and developed for high energy physics. The goal of this document is to provide a nearly comprehensive list of citations for those developing and applying these approaches to experimental, phenomenological, or theoretical analyses. As a living document, it will be updated as often as possible to incorporate the latest developments. A list of proper (unchanging) reviews can be found within. Papers are grouped into a small set of topics to be as useful as possible. Suggestions are most welcome.

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Publications per Year

Publications per Year

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Reviews

Modern reviews
Specialized reviews
Classical papers
Datasets

Classification

Parameterized classifiers
Representations

Jet images

Event images

Sequences

Trees

Graphs

Sets (point clouds)

Physics-inspired basis

Targets

\(W/Z\) tagging

\(H\rightarrow b\bar{b}\)

quarks and gluons

top quark tagging

strange jets

\(b\)-tagging

Flavor physics

BSM particles and models

Particle identification

Neutrino Detectors

Direct Dark Matter Detectors

Cosmology, Astro Particle, and Cosmic Ray physics

Tracking

Heavy Ions / Nuclear Physics

Learning strategies

Hyperparameters

Weak/Semi supervision

Unsupervised

Reinforcement Learning

Quantum Machine Learning

Feature ranking

Attention

Regularization

Optimal Transport

Fast inference / deployment

Software

Hardware/firmware

Deployment

Regression

Pileup
Calibration
Recasting
Matrix elements
Parameter estimation
Parton Distribution Functions (and related)
Lattice Gauge Theory
Function Approximation
Symbolic Regression
Monitoring

Equivariant networks.

Equivariant networks.

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs).

Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs).

Decorrelation methods.

Decorrelation methods.

Generative models / density estimation

GANs
(Variational) Autoencoders
(Continuous) Normalizing flows
Diffusion Models
Transformer Models
Physics-inspired
Mixture Models
Phase space generation
Gaussian processes
Other/hybrid

Anomaly detection.

Anomaly detection.

Foundation Models, LLMs.

Foundation Models, LLMs.

Simulation-based (`likelihood-free') Inference

Parameter estimation
Unfolding
Domain adaptation
BSM
Differentiable Simulation

Uncertainty Quantification

Interpretability
Estimation
Mitigation
Uncertainty- and inference-aware learning

Formal Theory and ML

Theory and physics for ML
ML for theory

Experimental results.

This section is incomplete as there are many results that directly and indirectly (e.g. via flavor tagging) use modern machine learning techniques. We will try to highlight experimental results that use deep learning in a critical way for the final analysis sensitivity.

Performance studies
Searches and measurements where ML reconstruction is a core component
Final analysis discriminate for searches
Measurements using deep learning directly (not through object reconstruction)